23 April, is a special date in the English calendar for two reasons: Firstly, it is St George’s Day, St George being the Patron Saint of England.
There is something faintly ironic, perhaps even quintessentially English about the fact that the nation’s patron saint, Saint George, wasn’t English at all.
A Roman soldier of likely Cappadocian (modern-day Turkey) origin, George never set foot on England’s green and pleasant land, never queued politely for anything, and almost certainly never complained about the weather.
And yet, for centuries, he has stood as the enduring symbol of English courage, chivalry, and quiet defiance.
So how did a dragon-slaying saint from the eastern fringes of the Roman Empire come to embody the spirit of England?
By the time of the Crusades, George had been adopted as a heavenly warrior, an ideal figure for a kingdom eager to frame itself as both devout and valiant. His iconic red cross on a white background would eventually become England’s flag, a stark, simple emblem that mirrors the nation’s own preference for understated strength.
He represents a set of values we English like to imagine as our own – bravery without bravado, resilience without spectacle, and a certain stubborn moral clarity.
‘Once more unto the breach’ is the opening line from the speech given by King Henry V, to the English army in France. The phrase means, let us try again.
The breach in question is the gap in the wall of the city of Harfleur. In his speech, Henry is motivating his troops to attack the city again, even if they have to ‘close the wall with English dead’.
The last line of the speech, ” ‘Cry God for Harry, England, and Saint George!’ ’’, is a rallying cry to his army, for God to support him (Harry is an alternative name for Henry), England (their country) and St George (England’s Patron Saint).
In exploring England’s relationship with St George, we begin to see that “Englishness” itself is a carefully woven tapestry of borrowed myths, historical reinvention, and cultural aspiration.
That its central figure is a foreign-born saint only adds to the intrigue.